1. Introduction: According to American Heritage Dictionary a consortium is “a cooperative organisation with groups or institution,” or “an association or society”. According to Oxford English linguistic communication Dictionary, “Consortium agency temporary cooperation of a number of powers, companies, etc. for a mutual purpose. It is an association of similar type of organisation / establishment who are engaged for producing as well as servicing the mutual things / for providing services for a specific purpose of its users.”
Library consortia is a network for buying as well as accessing e-information inwards a cooperative organisation with a grouping of libraries inwards providing instant access to greater resources for the users of the private libraries.
Library consortium is a “community (a cooperative) of 2 or to a greater extent than information agencies which convey formally agreed to coordinate, cooperate or consolidate sure enough function” to attain mutual objectives. It is an association of a grouping of libraries to attain mutually the articulation benefits. It provides a way for its members to comport employment organisation inwards a comparative manner.
2. Need: The limitation inwards finance, infinite as well as manpower stresses upon the involve for library consortia. Library consortia are needed for the next reasons-
a) To Overcome Financial Constrain: No library tin afford to procure all the documents dealing with their subjects.
b) To Deal with Information Exploration: Information is available inwards dissimilar kinds of formats as well as is growing rapidly. It is non possible to continue a rail on it.
c) To Modernize:The library network as well as consortia is an essential facet of modern library practices.
d) To Achieve More:The basic premise of consortia is that its members tin collectively attain to a greater extent than than what they tin attain every bit private institutions. The Library consortia users tin convey access to large number of E-journals, e-books, online databases than that of their private capacity every bit a fellow member of i item library.
3. Structure: Library consortia may vary from beingness decentralized to highly centralize inwards nature. The score of centralization of consortium is the primary cistron affecting non alone how fellow member institutions interact with i another, but besides keep human relationship with external political party (publisher/vendor). More decentralized the consortium, the greater the score of autonomy each fellow member retains. One of the libraries or agencies or library commission of the consortia plant every bit coordinator for identification of libraries, publisher, negotiation, legal matters, etc.
All consortia used to convey a website where all the subscribed e-journals, e-books, databases, etc are listed out thus that the fellow member institute every bit good every bit library users tin navigate as well as exercise the resources with much ease. The e-journals, e-books or database uses IP authentication or sometimes provide user Id as well as password to the fellow member establishment thus that they tin access the resources with much ease.
4. Benefit of Consortia: Consortia volition give the library as well as besides the user extended access- that is, meliorate service for reduced costs. The advantages of having consortia are every bit follows:
a) Reduced Information Cost:Many libraries currently subscribe alone to those journals that they tin afford. Though interested inwards other journals nevertheless they cannot afford to provide access to them. Consortia approach helps them to provide the access.
b) Access to More Resources than the Capabilities: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 number of publishers offering consortia. If the library’s purchase mightiness is large plenty they provide access to their whole hit of journals – that is, every fellow member of the consortium gets electronic access non alone to the journals currently subscribed to but besides to all the journals published inwards the field.
c) Promoting the Rational Use of Funds: By forming consortia the purchasing mightiness of the collaborating institutions tin expand the resources availability as well as offering automated services. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Library consortium increases the Cost Benefit Per Subscription.
d) Ensuring Continuous Subscription: The continuous subscription to the periodicals subscribed is ensured inwards library consortia.
e) Providing Document Delivery Service: Inter-libraries loan services volition grow as well as it is interlinked with the search of the matrimony catalogues which volition ready effective Document Delivery Service (DDS). Delivery of documents volition last fast, either electronically through photocopying, fax, courier or e-mail.
f) Solve Space Problem:With subscribed resources accessible online inwards electronic format, the fellow member libraries would convey less pressure level on infinite requirement for storing as well as managing print- based library resources.
g) Lower Technical Job:All problems associated with impress media such every bit their vesture as well as tear, location, shelving, binding, organizing, etc. would non last an number for electronic resources nether consortia.
5. Precondition for Consortia: Electronic publishing of scholarly journals, technological developments, pricing models of publishers are or thus of the factors that do the status for the evolution of the library consortia.
a) Emergence of Electronic Document: The whole globe is moving towards electronic publishing as well as the toll of the electronic publishing is much less than that of the impress version. The users tin access to their learned journals article inwards electronic cast from home, business office as well as from anywhere inwards between.
b) Technological Development:The availability of depression toll personal computers, telecommunications lines, rootage of National Mission on Education through Information as well as Communication Technology (NMEICT), National Knowledge Network (NKN) connectivity envisioned to convey a network.The technological evolution made it possible to portion the resources without losing anything past times the parties who want to portion the resources.
c) Pricing Model of Publisher:The rootage as well as evolution of the concept similar Pay-per-view, Pay-per-click, perpetual access (right to ongoing access to electronic materials) are supporting the concept of library consortia.
d) Shifting of User Need:The modern 24-hour interval library user feels happy when they tin access the library textile when they needed it most. The want to access the information inwards electronic format from anywhere inwards the globe is the precondition for the emergence of the library consortia.
6. Development of Library Consortia inwards India:Library consortia has locomote quite pop inwards Republic of Republic of India as well as many intuitions or thus of which are furnish below has made exercise of it.
a) E-Shodh Sindhu: The MHRD on 1stDecember, 2015 has merged UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium, INDEST-AICTE Consortium as well as NLIST Programme into E-Shodh Sindhu. The INFLIBNET Centre has been assigned the responsibleness for execution as well as functioning of E-Shodh Sindhu. E-Shodh Sindhu provide access to centrally-funded technical institutions, universities as well as colleges that are covered nether 12(B) as well as 2(f) Sections of the UGC Act.
b) UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium: The UGC-Infonet Digital Library Consortium was formally launched inwards December, 2003 past times Honourable Dr. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 P J Abdul Kalam, the President of Republic of Republic of India presently afterward providing the Internet connectivity to the universities inwards the twelvemonth 2003 nether the UGC-Infonet programme. The Consortium proved to last a recipe to academy libraries which convey been discontinuing subscription of scholarly journals because of "Serials Crisis". In the outset stage that began inwards 2004, access to e-resources was provided to l universities who had Internet connectivity nether the UGC-Infonet Connectivity programme of the UGC. In the minute phase, l to a greater extent than universities were added to the programme inwards the twelvemonth 2005. The programme is wholly funded past times the UGC as well as executed past times the INFLIBNET (Information as well as Library Network) Centre, Gndhinagar. The UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium is straight off no to a greater extent than operational. It has been merged into e-Shodh Sindhu Consortium. The previous website address of UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium was http://www.inflibnet.ac.in/econ/
c) INDEST-AICTE Consortium:The “Indian National Digital Library inwards Engineering Sciences as well as Technology (INDEST) Consortium” was gear upwards inwards 2003 past times the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) on the recommendation of an Expert Group appointed past times the Ministry. The IIT Delhi has been designated every bit the Consortium Headquarters to coordinate its activities. The Consortium was re-named every bit INDEST-AICTE Consortium inwards Dec 2005 with the AICTE playing a pivotal role inwards enrolling its approved engineering colleges as well as institutions every bit members of the Consortium for selected e-resources at much lower rates of subscription. The Consortium enrols engineering as well as technological institutions every bit its members as well as subscribe to electronic resources for them at discounted rates of subscription as well as favourable price as well as conditions. The Ministry provides funds required for subscription to electronic resources for 62 centrally-funded Government institutions including IITs, IISc Bangalore, NITs, ISM, IIITs, IIMs, NITTTR’s as well as few other institutions that are considered every bit center members of the Consortium.
Sixty Govt./Govt.-aided engineering colleges are provided access to selected electronic resources with fiscal back upwards from the AICTE as well as 102 universities /institutions convey joined the Consortium nether its self-supported category inwards 2012. The total number of members inwards the Consortium has straight off grown to 1235 as well as all of them acquire access to the consortium through its website (http://paniit.iitd.ac.in/indest/).
d) National Library as well as Information Services Infrastructure for Scholarly Content (N-LIST): N-LIST is an inaugural of Ministry of Human Resource Development nether National Mission on Education through ICT to extend e-resources to colleges inwards India. The Project entitled “National Library as well as Information Services Infrastructure for Scholarly Content (N-LIST)”, beingness jointly executed past times the UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium, as well as the INDEST-AICTE Consortium. For to a greater extent than information i tin consult: http://nlist.inflibnet.ac.in/
The projection has 4 distinct components. The INDEST as well as UGC-INFONET are jointly responsible for the next activeness listed at i) as well as ii). The INFLIBNET Centre, Ahmedabad is responsible for activities listed at iii) as well as iv).
i) To subscribe as well as provide access to selected UGC-INFONET e-resources to technical institutions (IITs, IISc, IISERs as well as NITs) as well as monitor its usage;
ii) To subscribe as well as provide access to selected INDEST e-resources to selected universities as well as monitor its usage;
iii) To subscribe as well as provide access to selected e-resources to 6,000 Govt./ Govt.-aided colleges as well as monitor its usage; as well as
iv) To deed every bit a Monitoring Agency for colleges as well as evaluate, promote, impart preparation as well as monitor all activities involved inwards the procedure of providing effective as well as efficient access to e-resources to colleges.
The N-LIST projection provides access to e-resources to students, researchers as well as faculty from colleges as well as other beneficiary institutions through server(s) installed at the INFLIBNET Centre. More than 6,000 colleges covered nether 2F/12B Act of UGC are eligible to register with N-LIST programme. The colleges that are non covered nether 2F/12B, tin apply for Associate Membership Programme. All members volition last required to pay Rs. 5,000/ for annual membership.
e) ICMR E-Consortium:Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has been subscribing to the Science AAAS, The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), Lancet, J-Gate Plus as well as Nature e-journals inwards a consortia mode to all ICMR institutes. All the scientists tin access these journals from their desktop through the website (http://icmr.nic.in/icmrnews/e_consortia.htm).
f) Health Science Library as well as Information Network (HELINET) Consortia: Health Science Library & Information Network (HELINET) consortia conceived past times the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS) since 2002.The HELINET Consortium was started with a vision to improve the lineament of instruction as well as query inwards the colleges affiliated to RGUHS inwards the province of Karnataka through enhanced access to high lineament medical literature. HELINET’s destination is to deliver information to user’s desk-top, with round-the-clock-access. The Consortium has successfully accomplished the employment of developing an e-journal as well as e-book consortium as well as a resources sharing model that networks 660+ wellness sciences colleges inwards the province of Karnataka. About 600+ center international e-journals, 2000+ e-books, 1500+ videos as well as databases are beingness subscribed/ procured as well as provided to students as well as faculties as well as query scholars pursuing their studies inwards diverse faculties of wellness sciences of all the respective affiliated colleges nether RGUHS through its website (http://www.rguhs.ac.in/digitallibrary/userbase.html).
g) National Knowledge Resource Consortium (NKRC): National Knowledge Resource Consortium (NKRC)'s rootage goes dorsum to the twelvemonth 2001, when the Council of Scientific as well as Industrial Research (CSIR) gear upwards the Electronic Journals Consortium to provide access to 1200 strange journals of Elsevier Science to all its users. The National Knowledge Resource Consortium (NKRC), established inwards twelvemonth 2009, is a network of libraries as well as information centres of 43 Council of Scientific as well as Industrial Research (CSIR) as well as 26 Department of Science & Technology (DST) institutes. Today, NKRC facilitates access to 5,000+ e-journals of all major publishers, patents, standards, citation as well as bibliographic databases through its website (http://nkrc.niscair.res.in). Apart from licensed resources, NKRC is besides a unmarried betoken entity that provides its users with access to a multitude of opened upwards access resources. The Consortium envisions emerging every bit a leader to serve the R&D sector with much needed information to strengthen the query as well as evolution scheme inwards the country.
7. Conclusion: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 library consortium is a grouping of libraries who partner to coordinate activities, portion resources, as well as combine expertise. There are many benefits for libraries that wishing to do or bring together consortia. Though many convey fees for entry, inwards the halt the library finds itself saving a dandy bargain on funding past times sharing resources with other members of the consortia. Also, inwards a consortia mode, a unmarried library’s collection volition greatly increment much faster than staying solitary.
The library consortium aims to improve the existing organizational infrastructure of the participating libraries inwards price of finance, manpower, equipment, document, as well as other library facilities. It improves the effectiveness as well as efficiencies of the participating libraries to serve the needs of the user, improves access to resources, widens information coverage as well as accelerates the sphere inwards the provide of information, as well as helps inwards utilizing the available resources to the optimum level. Consortia volition give the library as well as besides the user extended access- that is, meliorate service for reduced costs.
Buat lebih berguna, kongsi:
0 Response to "Library Consortia"
Post a Comment