1. Introduction: In the early on 19th Century, immature people learned librarianship past times working nether the to a greater extent than experienced practitioners. But, gradually the tasks performed past times librarians became to a greater extent than complex together with to a greater extent than theme on technology. As a result, the study of library scientific discipline has moved from the work-setting to professional person schools inward Universities. The starting fourth dimension always library schoolhouse was started past times Melvil Dewey in USA in 1887 at Columbia College (now Columbia University). In 1889 the programme moved to the New York State Library in Albany when Dewey became the Director there. The success of Dewey’s preparation programme together with the publication of Training for Library Service, a mass past times the economist Charles Williamson inward 1923, led other universities, institutes of technology, together with large world libraries to flora their ain professional person grade programmes inward library science.
2. First Course of Library Science inward India: In Bharat the existence of inward service preparation was initiated past times John Macfarlane, the starting fourth dimension librarian of the Imperial Library (Now National Library) at Calcutta from 1901-06, every bit mentioned inward around reports. In subsequent years, the preparation programme was opened to the staff of other libraries together with fifty-fifty those interested inward librarianship who bargain alongside books together with other documents.
a) Baroda School: In 1911, Siyaji Rao Gaikwad (1862-1939), the ruler of Baroda province called the American librarian Mr. William Allenson Borden (1853-1931), a disciple of Melvil Dewey to create a cadre of men for the newly established libraries inward the province library system. In 1912, he initiated the starting fourth dimension preparation schoolhouse inward library pedagogy in India. In 1913, around other preparation shape for working librarians of town libraries was started. These classes continued fifty-fifty after the divergence of Borden.
3. Certificate, Diploma, together with Training Courses: The increase of certificate, diploma or preparation programme inward Library together with Information Science tin last tracked every bit follows-
a) Lahore School: In 1912, the Punjab University called around other librarian Mr. Asa Don Dickinson (1876–1960) from USA. He started the minute educational course of instruction of 3 calendar month duration inward library scientific discipline inward the twelvemonth 1915. This happens to last the starting fourth dimension academy course of instruction in India. Mr. Asa Don Dickinson afterward move the Librarian of Panjab University, Lahore (now Pakistan) during 1915–1916.
b) Andhra Desa: The Andhra Desa Library Association (founded inward 1914) started conducting “training classes for the library workers” at Vijayawadain 1920. The classes covered a module on running adult pedagogy classes inward improver to library technique.
c) Mysore State: In 1920, a course of instruction for the preparation of librarians was conducted at Bangalore under the “program of library development” initiated past times the so Dewan of Mysore Mr. M. Visweswaraya.
d) Madras Library Association: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 summertime schoolhouse for college librarians together with lecturers inward accuse of college libraries in Madras was held inward 1928 together with repeated inward 1930. The Madras Library Association also organized a regular certificate course of instruction inward library scientific discipline from 1929. Then inward 1931, University of Madras took upwards the preparation course of instruction of MALA inward 1931 together with started offering the course of instruction on a regular basis.
e) Andhra University: Andhra University started a certificate course of instruction inward 1935, which was afterward abandoned.
f) Imperial Library, Calcutta: The Imperial library, Calcutta started a preparation shape nether the supervision of its librarian Mr. K. M. Asudulah inward 1935. It was a total fourth dimension regular Diploma course of instruction inward librarianship at the Imperial Library, Calcutta (now National Library, Kolkata). It continued till 1946.
4. Post Graduate Diploma: In representative of postal service graduate diploma inward library science, the University of Madras becomes the 1st academy to innovate such programme which was followed past times Banaras Hindu University together with so Mumbai University.
a) University of Madras: University of Madras, in 1937, introduced a 1 twelvemonth Post Graduate Diploma course of instruction inward house of the certificate course of instruction of 3 calendar month duration. This was the starting fourth dimension P G Diploma inward library scientific discipline in India.
b) Banaras Hindu University: The minute academy to start out a postal service graduate diploma course of instruction was the Banaras Hindu University in 1942.
c) Bombay University: University of Bombay initiated a diploma course of instruction like to Banaras Hindu University in 1943.
d) Government of India’s in-Service Training Course: A preparation course of instruction for the staff working inward diverse regime organizations was started inward 1953. This course of instruction was recognized every bit equivalent to the academy diploma courses.
5. Degree Courses: Aligarh Muslim University for the 1st fourth dimension started bachelor grade programme inward library scientific discipline which was followed past times University of Delhi together with Madras University.
a) Aligarh Muslim University: In 1947, Aligarh Muslim University started B.Lib. Science Course for the starting fourth dimension time inward the country.
b) University of Delhi: University of Delhi was the starting fourth dimension academy to flora a full-fledged Department of Library Science inward 1946. It also instituted the starting fourth dimension postal service diploma grade course of instruction inward 1948. In 1949, the construction was changed. The programme of Master of Library Science was introduced every bit a 2 twelvemonth course of instruction alongside the starting fourth dimension twelvemonth leading to Bachelor of Library Science.
In betwixt 1956-59, vi novel LIS departments were established at Aligarh Muslim University, MS University of Baroda, Nagpur University, Osmania University, Pune University and Vikram University.
c) Madras University: In 1960, Madras University replaced its total fourth dimension 1 twelvemonth diploma course of instruction to B.LibSc. Degree course. By mid 1960, many other universities had fallen inward the business of university of Madras following the recommendation of Review Committee Report of UGC inward introducing dissimilar grade courses.
d) Government Polytechnique for Women: The Government polytechnique for women, Ambala, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Delhi, Jullandhur, Rourkela started postal service matric (class X) diploma courses of 2 years duration inward slow 1960s.
e) Documentation Research together with Training Centre (DRTC): In 1962, Dr. S. R. Ranganathan established Documentation Research together with Training Centre at Bangalore. Previously DRTC courses were of xiv calendar month duration which was afterward on moved to 2 years programme.
f) Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre (INSDOC): INSDOC conducted a curt term course of instruction for Asian Documentalists inward 1963. In 1964, it started a 1 twelvemonth postal service graduate course of instruction inward Documentation together with Reprography leading to “Associateship inward Documentation together with Reprography”. In 1977, the programme was renamed every bit “Associateship inward Information Science (AIS)”. On September 30, 2002, INSDOC merged alongside the National Institute of Science COMmunication (NISCOM) together with was renamed every bit National Institute of Science Communication together with Information Resources (NISCAIR). At present, it is conducting “Courses inward Information Science”.
The DRTC together with NISCAIR in Delhi concentrate on the preparation of professionals for exceptional together with industrial libraries together with information centers. Their course of instruction contents are biased toward information scientific discipline together with technology. The programme of these 2 institutes is a shape apart from other like programmes offered past times diverse institutes.
In Bharat advanced professional person pedagogy has remained attached to universities, though at that topographic point are around regional library associations conducting certificate courses of a few months duration together with women polytechnics offering post-masters 2 twelvemonth diplomas inward library scientific discipline to develop paraprofessionals. At present, nigh 107 institutions, mostly academy colleges together with polytechnics, induce got library scientific discipline pedagogy courses. Out of these, the M.Lib.I.Sc. course of instruction is beingness offered past times to a greater extent than than 75 universities.
6. Five Year Integrated Course inward LIS: In 2010, University of Calcutta introduces 5 twelvemonth integrated course of instruction inward Library & Information Science together with therefore becomes the starting fourth dimension academy to launch such course of instruction inward LIS domain. The entry qualification for this course of instruction was gear upwards at Higher Secondary (10+2) inward Arts / Science or Commerce. Launching of this course of instruction volition forcefulness the learners to take away the LIS past times choice together with non past times chance. It volition over again assistance the students to grasp together with sympathize the contents for LIS inward a meliorate together with exhaustive way.
7. Present Status of LIS Education inward India: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 few departments together with associations supply Certificate Courses inward Library together with Information Science (CLIS) together with Diploma inward Library together with Information Science (DLIS). The others supply BLISc together with MLISc courses. In most of the universities, the prerequisite for admission into the Bachelor or Master grade course of instruction inward Library together with Information Science is 10+2+3 years of pedagogy from whatever faculty (arts, science, commerce etc). The bulk of the universities mostly acquit 2 divide courses for the Bachelor’s grade followed past times the Master of Library together with Information Science of 1 twelvemonth (or 2 semesters) duration each. In recent years, around institutions induce got offered 2 years of integrated courses of 4 semester duration. The University of Calcutta went a mensuration ahead together with introduced 5 years integrated course of instruction inward LIS alongside entry qualification every bit 10 +2.
a) Specialization: Students inward most schools of library together with information scientific discipline induce got the chance to develop at to the lowest degree around grade of specialization. Some may accept advanced courses inward item library functions, such every bit reference work, spell others may accept courses related to a item type of library, such every bit a course of instruction inward medical librarianship or world librarianship or academic librarianship. In simple, there are many dissimilar courses available inward LIS. It makes the professionals available to piece of work at all levels of library irrespective of type, construction together with function.
b) Syllabus: The University Grants Commission (UGC), from fourth dimension to fourth dimension recommended the broader outlines of courses of Library together with Information Science. The latest endeavor has been through a UGC Curriculum Development Committee (1993). The UGC together with other higher bodies forthwith give emphasis to semester scheme rather than annual system, together with credit-based rather than marks-based system. Every academy beingness autonomous is costless to frame its ain course of instruction of studies, together with syllabi of many universities / schools are quite modernized.
All programmes to educate librarians portion sure enough characteristics. Programmes typically offering courses inward the history of books together with librarianship to give students a background inward the profession’s past. It also includes courses inward noesis arrangement (classification, cataloguing, bibliography, indexing & abstracting, Metadata, semantic & syntactic analysis, controlled vocabularies, etc.), collection evolution (acquisition), information seeking behaviors of users, search strategies, library services (dissemination of the acquired library materials, reference), together with administration of the collection (preservation & conservation of documents). It also includes contents related to scholarly communication (bibliometrics, informetrics, scientometrics, webmetrics), digital libraries together with ICT.
i) ICT every bit an Integral Part: Technology is entering inward a real large agency to LIS where it has been used extensively to shop together with recall information inward dissimilar forms together with structures. This novel dimension is reflected inward the course of instruction construction of almost all universities that provides courses inward LIS. The courses include topics that impart novel science inward organizing spider web resources, together with providing web-based services.
ii) Practical Exposure: All courses supply orbit of practical noesis rather than restricting to alone theory. Even around universities move far compulsory for their learners to undergo around apprenticeship courses earlier practicing the librarianship.
8. Problems alongside Present Library together with Information Science Education: The nowadays occupation inward Library together with Information Science pedagogy inward Indian tin last looked from the next angles.
a) Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Very Competitive Entrance Examination: In most of the universities, students wish to study the LIS has to move through a real competitive entrance exam for admission.
b) Less Permanent Faculty Members: Almost all universities which supply Library together with Information Science programme witness a cracking catamenia of learners together with out of those who are interested they are able to accommodate alone a express publish of such desired students. However, when nosotros come upwards downwards to faculty members, a study conducted past times Badan Barman inward 2016 stand upwards for that alone 23 universities inward Bharat has to a greater extent than than 5 faculty members inward their respective Department of Library together with Information Science.
c) Limitation every bit a Professional Programme: LIS is a professional person programme together with so it has the limitations of whatever other professional person programmes. The non-inclusion of Library together with Information Science inward UPSC, Civil Service / State Public Service Commission examination, SET / SLET is a real common.
The other problems include lack of a touchstone cohesive syllabus of LIS together with depression bird of awareness amid the full general people nigh this programme.
9. Conclusion: The starting fourth dimension always library schoolhouse was started past times Melvil Dewey inward USA inward 1887 at Columbia College (now Columbia University). In 1889 the programme moved to the New York State Library inward Albany when Dewey became the Director there. In India, the existence of inward service preparation was initiated past times John Macfarlane, the starting fourth dimension librarian of the Imperial Library (Now National Library) at Calcutta from 1901-06 In 1911, Siyaji Rao Gaikwad (1862-1939), the ruler of Baroda province called the American librarian Mr. William Allenson Borden (1853-1931), a disciple of Melvil Dewey to create a cadre of men for the newly established libraries inward the province library system. In 1912, he initiated the starting fourth dimension preparation schoolhouse inward library pedagogy inward India. In 1912, the Punjab University called around other librarian Mr. Asa Don Dickinson (1876–1960) from USA. He started the minute educational course of instruction of 3 calendar month duration inward library scientific discipline inward the twelvemonth 1915. This happens to last the starting fourth dimension academy course of instruction inward India. In representative of postal service graduate diploma inward library science, the University of Madras becomes the 1st academy to innovate such programme which was followed past times Banaras Hindu University together with so Mumbai University. Aligarh Muslim University for the 1st fourth dimension started bachelor grade programme inward library scientific discipline which was followed past times University of Delhi together with Madras University. In 2010, University of Calcutta introduces 5 twelvemonth integrated course of instruction inward Library & Information Science together with therefore becomes the starting fourth dimension academy to launch such course of instruction inward LIS domain. Now-a-days many academy together with colleges provides dissimilar courses inward Library together with Information together with its related domain. It ranges from certificate course of instruction to PhD.
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